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Study Toolbox: Structure of an Academic Essay

This toolbox includes lots of tips, tricks and information on different aspects of study from taking notes in class to preparing for exams.

 

Essays allow you to demonstrate your in-depth knowledge of a topic based on research and reading.  The focus of an essay is to develop an argument or analyse ideas rather than write a description. 

An essay is written in paragraphs and has a set structure of an introduction, a body and a conclusion.

Structure of an academic essay

The introduction begins with a general statement that establishes the focus of the essay.  It then outlines the main ideas of the essay and the order in which they will be discussed.  

The body contains a number of paragraphs that link together to present a strong argument or analysis of the topic.  There should be one main point per paragraph.

Every paragraph starts with a topic sentence which states the main idea of that paragraph.  This is followed by supporting sentences that fully explain and expand on the main idea raised in the topic sentence.  This explanation needs to be supported by evidence including quotes, examples or statistics.  The paragraph is finished with a concluding sentence that summarises the paragraph.  

The purpose of the conclusion is to summarise the main points and draw them together to make a final comment on the topic presented in the essay.  Do not introduce any new information or include quotes in your conclusion.

Your reference list includes the full reference for every source cited within your essay.  SIT requires APA 7th edition for referencing, so make sure all your references are formatted correctly. 

For assistance with referencing check out the EndNote 20 Guide / APA Referencing Guide.

Essay Layout

Introduction:

  • A general statement that establishes the focus of the essay.
  • Outline the main ideas of the essay and the order in which they will be discussed.

Each paragraph in the body should have:

  • A topic sentence that states the main point of the paragraph.
  • An explanation and/or expansion of the main point.
  • Evidence to support the main point.

Conclusion:

  • Summarise the main points.
  • Make a final comment on the argument or concept presented in the essay.

Essay Handbook

Assignment Writing

Video credited to University of South Australia.

University of South Australia. (2021, September 28). Study help: Essays [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xLhdrbBYEuA

 

Video credited to University of South Australia.

University of South Australia. (2021, September 28). Study help: Report writing [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pPK4w-FhgRA

Useful SIT Library books on essay writing...